Dandruff is an annoying condition that can cause embarrassment to people who suffer from it, yet it’s surprisingly common. Around 45-50% of the world’s population are affected by dandruff (which is also known as pityriasis). Some people may have what’s referred to as dry scalp which is very different to dandruff and is a lot less common. It’s therefore important to differentiate between the two to be able to take the best course of action to treat the problem. Skin cells of the scalp are renewed every month or so, as with any other skin cell, and new cells are formed underneath the old ones. The old cells are then sloughed off and the new ones are uncovered. Chronic dandruff is the result of a fungus called pityrosporum ovale, present on all scalps, becoming overactive. This overactivity causes the new skin cells to be produced too quickly and the old cells are not given enough time to slough off undetected.
Fatty acids in the scalp’s sebum are sucked up by the fungus and this causes dryness and itchiness. The flakes that are shed with dandruff tend to be large due to the overproduction of cells which makes large clumps of cells fall from the scalp. They tend to be white or yellowish in colour due to the overactive fungus, they’re greasy and they can produce an odour. Stress, hormonal changes, genetics, poor diet and environmental changes can trigger outbreaks at times.
Seborrhea, a common form of eczema affecting parts of the body that have high sebum production, can also be a cause of dandruff. Seborrhea can affect any age group, from babies (in the form of ‘cradle cap’) to adults, and it generally affects the face and scalp.
Dry scalp is generally caused by the scalp becoming dried out from over-processing, such as the use of too many chemical treatments or overuse of drying hair products. It can also be caused by an inadequate diet and changes in the weather. With dry scalp the flakes that are shed tend to be smaller and more transparent because they’re just dry, sloughed off skin cells.
Even though dandruff is incurable it can be managed successfully with the right treatment. Being a Davines hair care stockist, we'd naturally recommend the
Davines Purifying Anti Dandruff Shampoo.
But there are other steps you can take too.
Here are some simple tips to keep dandruff under control and flakes at bay:-
- Shampoo hair regularly with a gentle shampoo, particularly if you have greasy hair. Infrequent shampooing of hair can contribute to dandruff and lead to a greasy scalp and hair. Thorough cleansing of the hair and scalp can keep dandruff at bay for three days, which is the length of time that it takes the scalp to generate new flakes.
- For chronic dandruff use a medicated shampoo specifically formulated for dandruff, such as Davines Natural Tech Purifying Anti-Dandruff Shampoo which contains a blend of essential oils, Wheat Proteins which lightly moisturize hair and Selenium Sulphide which has an anti-bacterial action and re-balances the scalp.
- Using a shampoo that is specifically formulated for dandruff can be very effective but because dandruff is not curable it needs to be used on an ongoing basis. Use a dandruff shampoo around twice a week and the rest of the time use a regular, gentle shampoo to cleanse your hair and scalp and to prevent a build-up of flakes.
- After shampooing rinse hair thoroughly (always use tepid water) and apply a light conditioner to hair from midway down to the tips to keep hair moisturized and in good condition. Rinse out thoroughly.
- Avoid excessive use of styling products as these can dry out the scalp and lead to build-up.
- Limit the use of heated styling equipment. Excessive use can dry out the scalp and lead to flaking.
- Make sure your diet includes Zinc, Vitamin E, B Vitamins and Omega-3 fatty acids. The fungus that causes dandruff thrives in fatty, yeasty, sugary environments. Your overall health will help with how your body responds to the fungus that causes the dandruff.
- Turn down the thermostat on your heating system. Dry indoor heat and low humidity can be another reason for persistent dandruff so ensuring that your home isn’t overheated can be very beneficial.
These simple tips can have a big impact in the management of dandruff, check out our related
dandruff tips post. However, if you have chronic dandruff it may be advisable to consult a dermatologist to get professional advice on how to control the condition.
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